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法布里-珀羅型電光晶體電場傳感器響應特性計算分析

來源：電工電氣發布時間：2025-06-27 12:27瀏覽次數：124

法布里-珀羅型電光晶體電場傳感器響應特性計算分析

陸洪建¹，劉志遠¹，趙欣洋²

(1 國網寧夏電力有限公司，寧夏銀川 750010；

2 國網寧夏電力有限公司超高壓公司，寧夏銀川 750011)

摘要：電光晶體電場傳感器具有測量靈敏度不足的共性問題，尚難以滿足弱電場環境、暫態輻射電場等場景的測量需要。提出了將法布里-珀羅光學調制結構與電光晶體相結合的傳感器光路結構，通過在電光晶體兩側布置反射鏡構成法布里-珀羅腔，使得激光在晶體內部多次往返傳播，增大外施電場對晶體內激光相位的調制深度，以提升測量靈敏度；建立了法布里-珀羅型電光晶體電場傳感器的傳遞函數模型，計算分析了傳感器響應特性及其關鍵影響因素。結果表明法布里-珀羅腔反射率越高，測量靈敏度提升幅度越大，反射率為 0.99 時靈敏度相較常規干涉式傳感結構可提升近百倍；電光晶體光吸收系數和激光入射偏移角會影響測量靈敏度，光吸收系數和激光入射角度越小，測量靈敏度越高。

關鍵詞： 電場測量；電光晶體；電場傳感器；測量靈敏度；法布里- 珀羅結構；響應特性

中圖分類號：TP212 文獻標識碼：B 文章編號：1007-3175(2025)06-0036-06

Calculation and Analysis of Response Characteristics of Fabry-Perot

Type Electro-Optic Crystal Electric Field Sensor

LU Hong-jian¹, LIU Zhi-yuan¹, ZHAO Xin-yang²

（1 State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co., Ltd, Yinchuan 750010, China;

2 State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co., Ltd. Ultra High Voltage Company, Yinchuan 750011, China）

Abstract: The electro-optic crystal electric field sensor has the common problem of insufficient measurement sensitivity and is still difficult to meet the measurement requirements of scenarios such as weak electric field environment and transient radiation electric field. To address the issue, this paper proposes a sensor optical path structure that combines a Fabry-Perot optical structure with an electro-optic crystal.

By arranging mirrors on both sides of the electro-optic crystal to form a Fabry-Perot cavity, the laser can travel back and forth multiple times inside the crystal, increasing the modulation depth of the laser phase in the crystal by the externally applied electric field, thus achieving high-sensitivity electric field measurement. A mathematical model of the transfer function for the Fabry-Perot type electro-optic crystal electric field sensor is established, and the response characteristics and their influencing factors of the sensor are calculated. The results show that the higher the reflectivity of the Fabry-Perot cavity is, the greater the improvement in measurement sensitivity will be, when the reflectivity is 0.99, the sensitivity can be increased by nearly a hundred times compared with the conventional interferometric sensing structure. The light absorption coefficient of the electro-optic crystal and the laser incident offset angle will affect the measurement sensitivity. The smaller the light absorption coefficient and the laser incident angle, the higher the measurement sensitivity.

Key words: electric field measurement; electro-optic crystal; electric field sensor; measure sensitivity; Fabry-Perot structure; responsive characteristic

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法布里-珀羅型電光晶體電場傳感器響應特性計算分析